Environment degradation Essay

This is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources for instance water, soil and even air. In environmental degradation, the ecosystem is destroyed and wildlife undergoes extinction. There are many forms of environmental degradation that are of negative impact to agriculture. For instance, when habitats are destroyed, biodiversity is lost and natural resources are depleted. The environment is most affected as organisms which give it life are no more (Schertenleib, Forster & Belevi, n. d). The earthworms that enrich soil fertility are killed by soil pollution. This means that if earthworms are all eliminated, the soil will not be fertile. The degradation of the environment can occur naturally, or through human processes which includes different kinds of pollution. Areas of concern in the same concept are loss of rain forests, air pollutions and the ozone depletion. The marine environment is also affected. These kinds of pollutions are known to occur all over the world and the blame is on the people themselves for the activities they carry out. This has poisoned the planet’s oceans and even the remote areas. Major disasters like oil spills have ruined the local environment. All these hazards can be curbed by individuals by stopping the constant pollution of the environment. To some extents, different organizations have been formed to help rehabilitate locations that have been affected. One way to do this is urban agriculture. With urban agriculture, the environment can be conserved since the wastes from industries can be converted to be fertilizers in the farms around the cities. Statistical facts It is estimated that 50% of the world’s populations live in cities (UNFPA, 2007). In the cities, most populations settle there for various reasons such as studies and seeking for employment. As economic pressures mount, the urban population engages in urban agriculture as labor is available with large population in urban centers. The growing of crops and rearing of animals in the urban areas has become common. About 800 million people are involved in urban agriculture world wide and this has contributed to the feeding urban residents (Schertenleib, Forster & Belevi, n. d). It is definite that with food production or rather the general production of farm outputs, the city residents can get a plenty supply of food in their respective areas of residence. With large populations in the cities and with plenty food products from urban agriculture, there will not be any instance of food deficiency. Urban residents with low income spend between 40 percent and 60 percent of their income on food every year (RUAF, n. d). The only remedy to this is that these low income residents can start practicing urban agriculture to supplement the expenditures on food. If they participate in urban agriculture, they will be able to save up to 60% of their incomes at the end of each year (Neondo, 2003). The money they would have spent on buying food can be saved and used to develop other areas of the economy. This means a lot of to the growth of the economy of the particular country. It is expected that by 2015, about 26 cities in the world will have a population of 10 million or even more (FAO, n. d). To be able to manage these populations, countries are obliged to concentrate in urban agriculture because they have little choices left. It is therefore encouraged for urban dwellers to practice heavily on urban agriculture, with an objective of keeping the country away from food shortage come 2015(FAO, n. d). 2. The spectrum of urban agriculture and the function of relevant organizations Urban agriculture has some aspects that distinguish it from rural agriculture. One of them is the fact that it is integrated into the urban economic and ecological system. It is evident that urban agriculture is embedded in the urban ecosystem of which it interacts with. Such linkages involve using urban residents as laborers and the use of typical urban resources for instance organic waste as compost and urban waste water for irrigation. In urban agriculture, there is a direct link with urban consumers and direct positive and negative impacts on urban ecology (Amin, 2002). Urban agriculture is also characterized by being part of the urban food system and competing for urban land with other urban functions. It is also influenced by other urban policies and plans. Some of the organizations that influence urban agriculture both directly and indirectly are Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Community Food Security Coalition (CFSC), Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture (UPA), and the Resource Centers on Urban Agriculture and Food Security (RUAF Foundation)

Cell Phone Effects Essay

Introduction: Introduction about using mobile phones in the present Thesis: Using mobile phones in the present is a popular for all ages and there are many advantages to user. I. Argument or reason to support – Mobile phones is convenient communication tool. – Good feature of mobile phone – Mobile phones no limited about time II. Argument against – Negative healthy effects – The effect on children – Mobile phone and driving – The effect on the social Refutation: Mobile phones are a necessity in daily life. Human must be use in communicate. Conclusion: Using mobile phone is popular in the present and there are important to human as if it’s past of life. Human must used it for communication. From a good feature, human can use many advantages from mobile phone. At present, mobile phones are popular for everyone in our society. Mobile phones are common facilities for all ages. They can be used to communication between two persons or more than two persons everywhere and every time. So, mobile phones are important equipment for people nowadays. And mobile phones have many disadvantages. To have good health and live happily in our society, we should not use mobile phones. The most important advantage of using mobile phones is that mobile phones are convenient communication tools that we can use to communicate with our friends. Besides, you can carry mobile phones everywhere by keeping them in shopping bags and school bags because mobile phones are small and easy to carry. Furthermore, mobile phones have a lot of good functions such as cameras, music players, radio, the Internet, games, dictionaries, sound recorders, video players, calculators, map, bluetooth devices, notes, calendars and etc. In contrast, mobile phones have many disadvantages. The first one is they have effects to our†¦

'Using a case study approach, critically appraise and evaluate Essay

'Using a case study approach, critically appraise and evaluate the nature of therapeutic interventions, in the management of a client's underlying condition or presenting symptom(s)' - Essay Example It is evident that owing to the busy schedule of individuals, people become unable to take care of themselves that can influence their health in a negative manner altogether (Suthakaran & Adithan, n.d.). Notably, as per the provided case, Mark is a patient who has been admitted to acute ward owing to his sudden collapse. Upon analysis of his past medical analysis, he was seen to be suffering from depression and anxiety, for which he chose pharmacological intervention over psychological treatment. Contextually, extensive secondary research study has been conducted for the research in depth where information will be collected from journals, literatures and research articles. The primary aim of the intervention includes identifying the potential benefits of therapeutic interventions with the combination of pharmacological and psychological interventions. As per the provided case study, an individual male at the age of 28 was admitted to acute ward after a sudden collapse at home. He was believed to be under the influence of extreme work pressure owing to which he developed an extreme level of stress. Past medical reports of the patient suggested that he was suffering from anxiety disorder and depression but was reluctant towards visiting psychologist. During the treatment of Mark in Acute ward, he showed negligible signs of any depression and anxiety despite of the aspect that he did not get any help from psychologists or any other healthcare professional in the past. He was in constant intake of Citalopram 40 mg on a daily basis. Correspondingly, it is believed that the patient and his symptoms regarding anxiety can be managed with the help of therapeutic intervention. Various noteworthy developments have been observed in the domain of nursing over the years. The profession have become one of the most prominent parts within the healthcare domain since

Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It Assignment

Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It - Assignment Example Understand the Nature of Business Communication and How to Plan For It The primary emphasis has been allocated towards broadening the perspective of the acquiring company along with facilitating the company with the need for including non-financial components in the analysis such as meetings with IT system, manufacturing, distribution and marketing. It would further assist the acquiring company to have a proper understanding of the implications of the post integration needs as well as outcomes. Essentially, the prime focus has been placed on drawing out means and solutions for successful acquisition deal. Furthermore, the efforts have been concentrated on the transition along with identifying the ways to enhance cooperation between the two companies and working out the acquisition issues and concerns. With respect to the case, it has been recommended that the acquiring company should operate as a separate business as far as the integration of IT system is concerned. This is due to the reason that the analysis of the IT system in both the companies revea led that both the companies have different IT settings which make it harder for the acquiring company to integrate the IT system efficiently. Furthermore, it would require a lot of expenditure for the acquiring company to integrate the IT system. The integration of IT system will also be time consuming which will hinder the overall operations of both business organizations. Thus, it would be appropriate for the acquiring company to operate as a separate business entity in order to eliminate any possible hindrances arising due to the integration of IT system (Wickham & Wickham, 2008). With respect to the aspect manufacturing, it is suggested that the acquiring company should merge its all functionality as both the companies are engaged in manufacturing similar products and have similar product line. It has been ascertained from the secondary research conducted about both the companies related with the products that they manufactured. Additionally, merging its all the functionality wi ll enable the acquiring company to meet the requirements of its customers without any changes in the product line and without any additional costs as both the companies are engaged in the manufacturing of similar kinds of products. It will further facilitate the acquiring company to engage in mass production of products as well as integration of machinery. Moreover, it will reduce the costs associated with the manufacturing of products thereby promoting economies of scale for the acquiring company. It will also facilitate in acquiring trained employees and expertise with minimum cost and expenditure followed by increasing operational efficiencies. This will also reduce the hiring costs associated with the recruitment of new employees. Correspondingly, merging all the functional units of the acquiring company will unarguably enable both the companies to eliminate any possible flaws in their production and manufacturing process (Wickham & Wickham, 2008). In relation to distribution, i t is recommended after conducting secondary research that the acquiring company should merge nothing. It is due to the reason that the fleet of trucks owned by the soft candy company was not refrigerated and this fleet of trucks could not be used during the hot temperature months for distributing candies and cookies which contained chocolates. This

Protection of Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Protection of Human Rights - Essay Example This was a landmark happening in the arena of Human Rights as to a very large extent, it ended the immunity of a ruler against violation of Human Rights. Recent hanging of Saddam Hussein perhaps would have had the same effect, but for the flawed law procedures and blatant desire to hang him, irrespective of trial outcome. "Since Human Rights violations are usually committed by state officials, agents or persons otherwise acting "under color" of State authority, State (or sovereign) thus imposes a significant constraint on the use of U.S. courts in civil suits concerning human rights violations committed abroad," http://www.jstor.org/view/00029300/di007418/00p0336n/0 Human Rights violation could be anything from discrimination to genocide, apartheid, holocaust torture, police encounter killings, or illegal executions of political opponents. In United States, The Homeland Security Enhancement Act of 2003 (HSEA) was opposed by Human Rights Watch, a non-governmental organisation committed to upholding human rights because "The CLEAR Act and HSEA require state and local jurisdictions to pass laws or otherwise authorize state and local police forces to investigate, apprehend, detain, or remove non-citizens for civil violations of U.S. immigration law" and if the State refuses to do so, it could be denied federal immigration funds and this was thought to be an extremely highhanded statement. This could lead to arbitrary and erroneous arrests, deportations, and disproportionate fines, unjust and arbitrary deprivations and could increase vulnerability of immigrant women and children to violence, blackmail and abuse. http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/04/2 1/usdom8473.htm According to Amnesty International, Turkey is going through human rights violation, as the government officials are routinely carrying out torture and execution not only of political opponents, but also of writers, artists, journalists, who have not adhered to the strict authoritarian rule. This has led to many deaths of suspects who were rounded up without any evidence or proof. "Many allegations of extrajudicial execution have been made against members of Special Operations Teams. These are technically police officers under the authority of the Interior Ministry, heavily armed for close combat with the PKK. Special Operations Team members frequently accompany members of the paramilitary village guard force and gendarmes in security raids on villages. Regular army and air forces also participate in large operations in the southeast" http://www.amnesty.org/ailib/intcam/turkey/turkint.htm Chile, apart from what happened during the dictatorship, has acknowledged the continuous legacy of torture by state officials as it remained a state policy, to some extent, even to this day. An unfortunate legacy to have; but the Presidential Commission confronted the Government with all evidences and proofs and everything was beyond even a modicum of doubt. "The chief of the army, Gen. Juan Emilio Cheyre, anticipated the commission's report in a November 5 article in which he acknowledged for the first time the army's institutional responsibility for human rights violations. He pointed out that the context of ideological conflict and the Cold War might explain but could never justify human rights violations" http://hrw.org/english/docs/2004/11/29/chile9742.htm. Despite this, Police and other armed forces have not been so forthright and

Critical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Critical analysis - Essay Example At the end of the story, we find two stances being provided to the presence of the girls in the store. Ironically, both Lengel and Sammy have been looking at the girls with the same male stare, but end up performing very different actions as a result. While Sammy stands up for the girls' rights, the manager falls back on a conventional disapproval of their attire and embarrasses them for it. In Faulkner's short story, the crime is not rape - in fact, Minnie's friends even wonder if she was actually raped at all. The crime is that the men believe that a black man dared to rape a white woman. While the men punish him by killing him, the women are seen as gossipy and wanting to know details about the rape rather than trying to provide their friend with comfort. Point of view may be used as a thematic device when the author or narrator of a short story seems more concerned with presenting a perspective on the themes of the text, rather than telling a story or drawing attention to conventional aspects of character or plot. Virginia Woolf revolutionized the technique of presenting points of view with her use of stream of consciousness and the interior monologue. In "Kew Gardens" the point of view is that of the flower bed, while the bed and the insects and other features in it are presented in sharp focus, we only see a 'slice' of the lives of the people who are walking by. The first couple's passing by shows that they are estranged from each other - he is walking several steps away from her. Even the traumatic memory of losing his first love is a fragmented one, as it is revealed that he can remember insignificant things about it much more distinctly than he can - or wants to - recall the event itself, where his girlfriend turned down his proposal of marriage. His wife and children and his whole life seem insignificant in comparison to the small, trivial details magnified in the story. Russell Smith's short story uses point of view to juxtapose what people are and what they want to be. His protagonist finds life in the urban world oppressive, and the narrative point of view seems sardonic about life in such metropolitan centers as Toronto, where superficiality is the norm and true meaning is often forgotten. #3. Discuss irony as a strategic element in the story "The Age of Lead" by Margaret Atwood and the story "The Gospel according to Mark" by Jorge Luis Borges. In Atwood's "The Age of Lead'' the irony seems to be that two people who did not want finality in their lives end up with nothing but death and a 'frozen' existence. The body of the dead sailor that is frozen and being talked about non television is a strong metaphor for the lives that the narrator and Vincent have been living. Of particular significance seems the fact that the sailor has been dead for long, but that his body is perfectly preserved since he died in the Arctic. The body exemplifies a dead existence where one remains stagnant and may as well be dead. Vincent dies of an unnamed disease at a relatively young age, signifying that

Moral Courage Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Moral Courage - Article Example By exposing the scam, Luy actually risked his life and was allegedly previously held in detention when his cousin suspected that he was already on the verge of exposing the scam. It was eventually revealed that there are apparent links to members of the Congress, who allegedly are using these funds for their own personal interests, with Janet Lim Napoles devising bogus non-government institutions are apparent recipients of the funds (Wenceslao, 2013). As a result, the alleged perpetuator of the scam, Janet Lim Napoles, is currently being held in trial and incarcerated to determine the veracity of the allegations and to pinpoint other cohorts who could have been instrumental in designing the scam. The person, Benhur Luy, is therefore commended for his moral courage in his decision to expose the scam. Despite the fact that it was his cousin who apparently headed the scrupulous transactions, in possible cohorts with some lawmakers, Benhur Luy had decided to reveal the long-time secret. According to the report, â€Å"Benhur Luy said he worked with Janet Lim-Napoles for ten years, from 2002 to 2012. He was therefore in a position to describe the rise of the Napoles PDAF scam ‘business empire’† (Wenceslao, 2013, par. 10). The scam was reportedly described as follows: â€Å"Napoles wheeling and dealing with lawmakers and government bureaucrats (the roles reversed later, with lawmakers wheeling and dealing with Napoles); Luy and other members of Napoles’s staff preparing bogus papers for bogus non-government organizations and ghost beneficiaries and forging signatures; people’s money exchanging hands† (Wenceslao, 2013, par. 8). What was disturbing actually, was the fact that it took such a long time, ten years, before Benhur Luy was able to gather that much moral courage to expose the graft and corruption that had existed and had been perpetuated by his cousin, and including him. The person should have been able to expose the scam at an

History of architecture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History of architecture - Research Paper Example Renaissance design involved utilization of hemispherical domes, aedicules, niches, and semicircular arches (Frommel 148). Villa Capra Rotonda is located in an isolated area outside Vicenza, a city in the northern region of Italy. Villa Capra Rotonda is built on a hilltop outside Vicenza. The building forms a square on top of the hill providing a clear view of the environment. Villa Rotonda is distinguished by the presence of four facades. Most of the ancient designs comprised a single facade. However, Palladio was able to include all the four facades in the design of Villa Rotonda, making it unique. Villa Capra Rotonda represents a more secular thinking in the Renaissance by bringing its patron closer to God (Palladio et al. 68). The building location indicates how the residents wanted to be closer to God. In addition, the Villa is highly lighted giving an indication of the purity and the close relationship the owner had with God. The dome created at the centre of the Villa is another indication of the relationship between the building and godliness. The building creates a connection to God since it was intended for retired priests from Rome. The design of Villa Capra Rotonda resembles that of most of the churches across Italy and Greek especially the inclusion of the semi-hemispherical domes at the building centre, hence a representation of heaven (Frommel., 2007, p. 48). Villa Capra Rotonda is located on a hilltop outside Vicenza in Italy. Most of the ancient churches were located away from the urban areas creating a God atmosphere for worshiping. Villa Rotonda is located in the countryside of Vicenza city which would give the pope an excellent atmosphere to pray and relate with God. The isolated location of the Villa is another reflection of its relationship with God. This is because; churches were not located in crowded places and the patron of Villa Rotonda decided to construct a resident who

How to Become a Lawyer Essay Example for Free

How to Become a Lawyer Essay Career Description: * Criminal lawyers have the same basic duties as other lawyers. * First, they advise their clients of their legal rights and responsibilities, as well as any potential problems. * Second, they represent their clients before the courts. Third, they research rules, regulations, and previous cases. * Finally, they prepare legal documents. In each case, lawyers interpret the law and apply it to specific situations. In the courtroom, criminal lawyers act on one of two â€Å"sides:† the defence or the prosecution. * Defence attorneys represent people who have been charged with criminal offences (for example, murder or theft) by making a case that supports their clients’ innocence. * On the other hand, prosecuting attorneys—usually called Crown attorneys or Crown counsel—act for the government on behalf of the public. They form cases against defendants by convincing juries to view the facts as evidence of guilt. * Both prosecuting and defence attorneys are responsible for preparing their cases before and during the trial. Education Training: To become a lawyer, you must attend law school and complete a law degree. Before applying to law school, you must complete at least 2 years of undergraduate studies at university (except in Quebec, where you can get into law school straight from a CEGEP). However, because the admission process is extremely competitive, most applicants have at least a bachelor’s degree. Bachelor’s degrees usually take 4 years to complete. To get into law school you need very good marks. You almost always need to write an aptitude test called the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) as well. After graduating from law school, you still need to work for approximately 1 year as an articling student, under the direction of licensed lawyers (fortunately, you usually get paid for this part) before you can become a licensed lawyer. Then you have to successfully complete the bar admission program, including classes and exams, which several weeks to several months to finish.

The Protestant Reformation Essay Example for Free

The Protestant Reformation Essay The protestant reformation was primarily an economic event because the entire idea of reforming the church started with the validity of the sale of indulgences. Indulgences were purely for economic gain when it came to the catholic church. Because of this sale of indulgences protestants and other anti-pope figures such as Savonarola, Hus, Wycliffe, and Luther, began speaking out of the corruptions and abuses of the church. It it was for the sale of indulgences (purely economic) there would be no reason for the reformation. The sale of indulgances went on for a long while. They were peddled everywhere. They were sold for several reasons, such as funding crusades, pope pocket money, feed the humanistic tasts of the pope. The people recieved salvation, were excused from all sin and future sin and guaranteed a seat in heaven. Basically a form of religious taxation, the church began raking in enormous amounts of money. The Catholic heirarchy alone owned 75% of all the money in France, and 50% of the wealth in Germany. Besides the sale of indulgances clergymen began selling titles, positions, offices, etc. to rake in even more money. The most famous peddler of indulgances was Archbishop Tetzel, who traveled from town to town, especially throughout Germany, (Wittenburg)T hough by this time the special sale of indulgances had gone under way. This indulgance gave you complete absolution from all sins, and treatment for future sins. That would definetly guarantee you a spot in heaven. The money from the sale of these indulgances was going to pay for the rebuilding of St. Peters Basilica. He gained the attention of Martin Luther, the founder of the protestant revolution, and he attacked Tetzel, and challenged the sale of indulgances. Luther was angered at this. He posted up his 95 theses at Wittenberg Castle, in which he denounced the selling of indulgences. Part of his anger was that German money was going to Rome. Thanks to the printing press, the 95 theses were printed all over Germany. In Address to the Christian Nobility, he said that secular government had the right to reform the church. Now Luther wasnt stupid. To a degree he sucked up to the nobles because he knew that if the nobles went with him, that would mean that his ideas, and later his reformation would be successful, because it had support from the the people with power. In On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church, Luther attacked the sacraments. Finally  in Liberty of a Christian Man, he hit it: salvation by faith alone. In response Pope Leo X issued a Bull (papal decree, not the other kind of bull) and demanded that Luther recant. Luther took the Bull, went outside and publicly burned it, he no longer accepted papal authority, and the pope excommunicated him. In 1521 he went before the Diet of Worms, when asked by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, who said: Do you or do you not repudiate your books and the errors that contain? Luther responded, Unless I am convicted by Scripture and plain reason I do not accept the authority of popes and councils, for they have contradicted each other my conscious is captive to the Word of God; I cannot and I will not recant anything, for to go against conscience is neither right nor safe. God help me, Amen. Martin Luther and his beliefs and followers were who started the protestant reformation. So without these economic factors the Protestant reformation would never have had reason to begin, therefore the reformation was primarily economic.